千年古陂为何久盛不衰

泰和县槎滩陂修建于公元937年,在牛吼江上游一个急拐弯处用土木作坝截流,顺应弯道河势开挖一弧形引水河段,利用弯道水流运动特性,灌渠引水口正面引水、陂坝侧面溢流,保障了工程防洪安全、运行可靠.为了保障陂坝下游河道农业用水和河道生态用水,在槎滩陂下游3.5km修建碉石陂,买山置田准备了陂坝维修管理的材料和经费.逐步建立了一乡绅大户为陂长、受益农户广泛参与的管理制度.一千多年来盛久不衰、活力无穷,经过不断维修改造,现在灌溉农田3000hm2以上.槎滩陂是我国古代农业灌溉文明的代表性工程,是人水和谐相处的杰出典范,成为世界灌溉工程遗产.     

Effect of Li2O on the crystallization behavior of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-Li2O-Ce2O3 mold slags

The effect of Li₂O on the crystallization properties of CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-Li₂O-Ce₂O₃ slags was investigated. With increasing the Li₂O content, LiAlO₂ and CaCeAlO₄ were the main crystalline phases. LiAlO₂ formed for the charge compensating of Li⁺ ions to [AlO₄^5?]-tetrahedrons, and CaCeAlO₄ formed as a result of the charge balance of Ce³⁺ ions, Ca²⁺ ions, and [AlO₆^9?]-octahedrons. Increasing the content of Li₂O to 10%, the crystallization temperature was the highest, and the incubation time was the shortest. The crystallization ability was strong due to the three factors of strengthening the interaction between ions and ion groups, decreasing the polymerization degree, and increasing the melting temperature. Further increasing the content of Li₂O, the crystallization performance was obviously suppressed, because the melting temperature and the force between the cations and the anion groups decreased.     

罩式退火温度对高强IF钢组织及性能的影响

为研究不同退火温度下高强IF钢的组织性能及织构的变化规律,采用温箱式电阻炉加热模拟罩式退火工艺,研究了不同退火温度下高强IF钢210P1冷轧板力学性能;对不同退火温度钢板的r90进行了统计并对其进行显微组织观察;采用X射线衍射仪及热场发射扫描电镜对不同退火温度的罩式退火成品板进行了织构分析。结果表明,在高强IF钢210P1冷轧板的罩式退火过程中,提高退火温度将使晶粒明显长大。随着退火温度的升高,屈服强度及抗拉强度下降,伸长率升高,n值略有上升,板材横向r值增加较明显,有利织构{111}取向密度增加,不利织构{100}取向密度降低。     

高光谱激光雷达谱位合一的角度效应分析

高光谱激光雷达以其谱位合一的技术优势为实现超三维精准遥感观测提供了可行途径,因此成为当前激光雷达与高光谱遥感领域共同大力推进的前沿发展方向。目前已有多型原型系统研发出来并得到了原理性验证,然而针对其数据处理核心环节问题的基础技术仍较为欠缺。典型问题之一是不同波段回波信号受激光入射角度的影响,该角度效应限制了高光谱激光雷达实现高性能遥感。以芬兰空间信息研究所高光谱激光雷达原型系统扫描桦树树干为例探讨了该角度效应,发现了不同激光波段对不同入射角度的回波强度响应模式,推导出了角度效应的基本规律及其精细尺度的统计规律,为后续该方向的系统研发、数据处理及信息提取等提供了可借鉴的底层机理与技术基础。     

碳酸盐岩岩溶储层多井评价方法及地质应用

多井评价是建立在单井精细解释对比分析基础上的预测储层及含油气性平面分布规律的技术方法,而常规测井资料无法区分碳酸盐岩岩溶储层,因而利用多井评价结果确定岩溶发育程度在平面上的分布规律就显得十分重要。为此,在岩心标定成像测井的基础上,对四川盆地高石梯—磨溪地区15口井的成像测井岩溶发育特征进行分析,建立了中二叠统茅口组岩溶发育各分带的标准成像图版,利用交会图及直方图分析各分带的常规测井响应特征,在此基础上形成了电成像测井刻度常规测井识别岩溶发育带的新方法。研究结果表明:①高石梯—磨溪地区茅口组岩溶带自上而下可划分为风化壳残积带、垂直渗流岩溶带、水平潜流岩溶带以及受岩溶作用较弱的基岩;②风化壳残积带在成像测井图像显示为"暗—亮—暗"条带状模式,垂直渗流岩溶带为垂直线状与暗色斑状组合模式,水平潜流岩溶带为水平线状—层状与斑状组合模式,基岩整体显示为亮色块状模式偶见线状或斑状特征;③有效储层主要发育在垂直渗流带和水平潜流带的顶部;④该区茅口组岩溶发育主要受裂缝发育控制,而裂缝发育又与断层关系密切。结论认为,该新方法对碳酸盐岩岩溶储层的多井评价具有普遍适用性,为四川盆地中二叠统风险探井的部署提供了技术支撑。     

Rapid screening of DON contamination in whole wheat meals by Vis/NIR spectroscopy and computer vision coupling technology

This work intends to develop an online experimental system for screening of deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination in whole wheat meals by visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy and computer vision coupling technology. Spectral and image information of samples with various DON levels was collected at speed of 0.15 m s⁻¹ on a conveyor belt. The two-type data were then integrated and subjected to chemometric analysis. Discriminant analysis showed that samples could be classified by setting 1000 μg kg⁻¹ as the cut-off value. The best correct classified rate obtained in prediction was 93.55% based on fusion of spectral and image features, with reduced prediction uncertainty as compared to single feature. However, quantification of DON by quantitative analysis was not successful due to poor model performance. These results indicate that, although not accurate enough to provide conclusive result, this coupling technology could be adopted for rapid screening of DON contamination in cereals and feeds during processing.     

Enhanced photoreactivity of MOFs by intercalating interlayer bands via simultaneous ?NCO and ?SCu modification

Herein, we propose a novel method to enhance the photoreactivity of an MOF catalyst by grafting isocyanate bonds ( NCO) and sulfhydryl-complexed copper ( SCu) onto ZIF-8 (NIF-SCu). The grafting process intercalated interlayer bands between the conduction and valence bands of ZIF-8, thereby providing a “ladder” for facile electron transition. The extreme improvement in the photoreactivity of NIF-SCu could be attributed to the enhancement in light responses in the range of 350–450 nm by  NCO groups and the widening of the visible light range of the MOF by  SCu groups. The formation of staggered energy levels in NIF-SCu could also narrow the band gap, lower the resistance, and facilitate the transfer of photogenerated carriers, thereby generating electrons with strong reduction potential in the  SCu conduction band. This study provides a new strategy for improving or even endowing the photoactivity of environmental functional materials with wide bandgaps.     

弱相互作用调控表面活性剂自组装(Ⅱ)——表面活性剂的结构与设计

介绍了表面活性剂的结构、性质以及分类,综述了阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂的分子间弱相互作用。另外,简述了低聚型表面活性剂和其他新型表面活性剂的结构及应用。     

基于儿童使用主体的建成环境评价尺度研究

评价尺度是建筑使用后评价的基 本问题之一，它是使用者评判建成环境好 坏、优劣的重要测度标准。为弥补目前环境 评价尺度研究方面的缺失，建立与儿童使用 主体相一致的建成环境评价尺度，对儿童常 用语义量词进行汇总和筛选，采用五级线 分刻度方法进行问卷调查研究。基于儿童的 理解，通过问卷试验分析，结果表明：双侧 5级区间评价尺度为：很（负面）；有点（负 面）；中等；有点（正面）；很（正面）；单侧 5级区间评价尺度为：不；好像有点；比较； 很；特别。     

Revisiting the Parallel Strategy for DOACROSS Loops

Journal of Computer Science and Technology - DOACROSS loops are significant parts in many important scientific and engineering applications, which are generally exploited pipeline/wave-front...